Copiapoa - Living on the Edge
Copiapoa tenuissima ritter
currently regarded as subspecies of Copiapoa humilis (Ritter ex Hunt) Hunt 2003 in The New Cactus Lexicon (2006)
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Original Publication

Copiapoa tenuissima Ritter 1963, Taxon 12(1):29

Original Description

Copiapoa tenuissima Ritter, sp. nova, a C. humili (Phil.) Hutch. (Cact. & Succ. J., U.S. 1954: 34) recedit: corpore plano vel hemisphaerico, nigro vel viridi-nigro; costis 13-16, 3-4 mm altis; areolis albis; spinis tenuiter acicularibus, plerumque reetis, tenuissime pilosulis, radialibus 8-14, 3-6 mm longis, centralibus 0-1(-2), 4-10 mm longis; floribus 20-26 mm longis; ovario rubescente, squamis nonnullis in axillis lanatulis vestito; tubo florali 4-7 mm longo, squamis inferioribus lanatulis sicut ovarium; tepalis 10-15 mm longis, 5-7 mm latis; stylo 10-14 mm longo; fructu ± globoso, sicut ovarium vestito.
 

Habitat:  Berge an der Küste in Antofagasta, Nord-Chile. Gesammelt als FR 539 und FR 540.

 

Note: The original description is invalid, so that the basionym for the taxon is Copiapoa hypogaea ssp tenuissima Ritter ex Hunt

Distribution

     

References in Literature


 

Ritter F. 1980, Kakteen in Südamerika (3):1070

 

 

Ritter notes that the fruit is unusual for the genus by being woolly, a primitive characteristic.  He also notes that the tubercled rather than ribbed stem and the slightly felted apex can be regarded as persistent juvenile characters, which can be explained by the need for the plant to multiply as early as possible, before they fall victim to the Guanacos.

The hairy ovary and fruit are a link with Ritter's Pilocopiapoa solaris.


 

Taylor N. P.  1981, A commentary on Copiapoa, The Cactus and Succulent Journal of Great Britain, 43(2/3): 49-60

 

Taylor considers the next most northern member of the C. humilis complex.


 
Butcher D. 1982, The Genus Copiapoa, Calandrinia II  

Butcher includes a photograph of the plant in cultivation.  He notes that Knize uses the name C. tenuispina and wonders if this is a half way link between C. tocopillana and C. tenuissima.
[PK: ..... or perhaps a simple spelling mistake?]


 
Hoffmann A.E. 1989, Cactaceas en la flora silvestre de Chile: 130  

Adriana Hoffmann still retains C. tenuissima as a good species.


 
Eggli, Schick & Leuenburger, 1995, Englera 16: 310  

Ritter 539: Copiapoa tenuissima F. Ritter (nom.. inval. Art. 37.1) - Taxon 12(1):31, 1963. (First mentioned in Backeberg, Die Cact. 6: 3840, 1962 (as nom. nud.). Based on 2 syntypes, Ritter 539 and Ritter 540 (U !). Erroneously included as valid in RPS 14.)
- Chile: mountains at the coast near Antofagasta. - One of the two syntype collection numbers of Copiapoa tenuissima.
ZSS S10450 - sem (Leg. Fa. Köhres (ex cult. ?) 1977.) 

Ritter 540: Copiapoa tenuissima F. Ritter (nom.. inval. Art. 37.1) - Taxon 12(1):31, 1963. (First mentioned in Backeberg, Die Cact. 6: 3840, 1962 (as nom. nud.). Based on 2 syntypes, Ritter 539 and Ritter 540 (U !). Erroneously included as valid in RPS 14.)

loc. 1:     Chile: mountains at the coast near Antofagasta. - One of the two syntype collection numbers of Copiapoa tenuissima.
SGO 125692 SYN - fl (,,Daten notiert“ = data recorded. ,,Die entzückende kleine dunkle (schwarze) Copiapoa 539+540 - Ich sehe keinen Unterschied. Es sind ausnahmsweise kleine Blüten (539 ist gleich) 540 Cop. tenuissima ( 541 ist Pilocopiapoa)“ = The enchanting small dark (black) Copiapoa 539+540 - I can‘t see any difference. These are exceptionally small flowers (539 is identical) 540 Copiapoa] tenuissima (541 is Pilocopiapoa). - it is not absolutely certain that this comment is by F. Ritter, it could also have been supplied by his sister H. Winter.)
SGO 125693 SYN -
fl (,,Daten notiert“ = data recorded. The following comment is by F. Ritter‘s sister, H. Winter: ,,Siehst Du, solche Sachen, die hier beständig blühen, müsste man in Pflanzen haben.
[p311]
1) Sehr wichtig, dass Du sie schnellstens bestimmst, denn Backeberg hat sie bestimmt schon.

2) Ausnützen, so lange sie noch neu + gesucht ist, + Pflz. (ohne Rübe) nur Köpfe! zum Pfropfen hersenden + Samen.“ = You see, such things which constantly flower should be available as plants.

1) Very important that you identify them quickly, because Backeberg certainly has them already.

2) take advantage as long as they are new and in demand, and send plants (without taproot) only head ! for grafting, and seeds.)
U 1 17651B SYN - rad, corp, ar, sp (Labelled as ,,Holotypus“ by Ritter.)

loc. 2:     Chile: ,,El Cobre“. - One of the two syntype collection numbers of Copiapoa tenuissima.
SGO 124897 SYN - rad, corp. ar, sp
ZSS SR13487 SYN – sem


 
Schulz R. & Kapitany A., 1996, Copiapoa in their Environment  

The authors focus on the environmental aspects, rather than the taxonomic issues.


 

Charles G. J, 1998, Copiapoa 

 

 

Charles (1998) regards this taxon as a variety of Copiapoa humilis. 


 

Hunt D. (Ed.),  2002, Cactaceae Systematics Initiatives 13:12

 

Reduced to the rank of ssp:
Copiapoa hypogaea ssp tenuissima
As the original description is invalid, this is the actual basionym for the taxon.


 
Hoffmann  A.E. & Walter H.  2004 Cactaceas en la flora silvestre de Chile (2nd Ed.): 126  

As Copiapoa humilis subsp. tenuissima (Ritter ex Hunt) Hunt 2003


 

PK Comments

It seems that we have always been distracted by the more obvious and impressive Copiapoa from the area south of Antofagasta - C. solaris, C. calderana subsp. atacamensis, C. ahremephiana, C. decorticans and C. cinerea subsp. haseltoniana - and as a result have not come across this taxon - a good excuse for another visit to Chile!

All material, except where otherwise credited, is Copyright
 © 2001-2006 Paul Klaassen
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