Copiapoa - Living on the Edge
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Succulenta

1971 (6):156-158

A trip with Friedrich Ritter along the coast of Chile and Peru
pt X

A. F. H. BUINING

I once asked Ritter why he had found so many species of cacti while other collectors had discovered significantly fewer numbers. He replied that these other gentlemen had not made the difficult and dangerous climbs that he had undertaken, to where he had found his most unusual plants. He has climbed hundreds of hills and mountains with often as only result the find of an old, long forgotten species or a new discovery, but only on around 1 in ten of such climbs.

For us, it was relatively straight forward as Ritter would take us straight to our goal, although there were moments when I could hardly muster the courage and strength to climb any higher. Only the burning passion for our plants provided the energy to go on.

Especially when, high in the hills, we unexpectedly came across mounds of Copiapoa krainziana, for me one of the most beautiful Copiapoa discovered to date. Small imported plants or seedlings provide an impression of what these plants look like in nature, but this image bears little resemblance to reality, at least not for me. Beautiful large groups, with dense and long spination, varying in colour from almost snow white, to light grey, to light bluish to dark grey transformed the slopes along a steep sided valley into a true cactus paradise. Such memories last a life time. And although, during the long and steep descend on the return journey, I had a bad fall in the middle of fantastic groups of  Copiapoa cinerea, where it appears I paid more attention to the plants than to the difficult descend, the C. krainziana experience would never be erased from my memory.

On 24 January, we continued along the rather steep Ocean shore where we found Copiapoa cinera var. albispina and, in huge numbers, the rather widely distributed Copiapoa haseltonia, of which we were able to take some beautiful photographs and to collect lots of seeds. More inland, we found Copiapoa humilis, which occurs in much smaller numbers than I had imagined. Pyrrhocactus paucicostatus var. viridis is another plant that is less abundant than I had assumed. Higher up the hill we found groups of Copiapoa gigantea. Backeberg had discovered this plant at night, during a trip by taxi to Taltal. The differences with C. haseltonia can only be described as minimal.

We had to make a difficult climb to reach the dusty places in between rocks, were Ritter's Pyrrhocactus cachitaensis var. elongatus and the variety densispinus grow. Gradually we reached 2,000 m altitude in the desert hills where the only plants found were Copiapoa eremophila, after which it was 'total desert'.

After a long drive we had to leave the Pan Americana for the umpteenth time to reach the habitat of, amongst others, Copiapoa (Pilocopiapoa) solaris.

Copiapoa (Pilocopiapoa) solaris Ritter
syn. Copiapoa ferox Lembcke et Bckb. near Blanco Encalado in Chili.
Photo Buining

The sandy track west, into the low, setting sun was exceptionally dangerous and we were very glad eventually to have negotiated the steep mountain passes, so that we could stop in a high lonesome valley where we had supper and prepared to spend the night in the car.

The next morning we finally arrived at the locality of Copiapoa solaris, of which Copiapoa ferox Backbg. is a synonym. According to Ritter, the old name Echinocactus conglomeratus Phil., has nothing to do with Copiapoa solaris, as suggested by Lembcke.

Copiapoa solaris is relatively easy to find once you have reached this isolated area. In contrast we had to drive for a long time and conduct an intensive search (even Ritter) to find eventually Pyrrhocactus glaucescens, P. echinus var. minor and the  amazing Pyrrhocactus floccosus. Finally, very high up in the mountains, we found the very rare Copiapoa tenuissima. The Guanaco's that roam the area regularly eat these plants down to ground level, as we could deduct from their tracks and the chewed up plant remains.

(to be continued)

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  © 2001-2006 Paul Klaassen
 
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