A view of Paposo on the coast of Prov. Antofagasta, Chile, Dec. 31, 1951. The hills are darkened by many plants of Eulychnia and Trichocereus.

Copiapoa humilis immature stems in habitat. This photograph  was taken at about 15 inches and shows the plants ca. x 0.3. 15 stems are visible and as many again are covered by surface gravel and debris.

View due north from the habitat of Copiapoa humilis. Among the shrubs are Euphorbia lactiflua Phil. and Oxalis gigantea Barn. both of which at higher altitudes, in the fog belt, are 4 or 5 times as large.

Copiapoa humilis mature plant (ca. x0.7) in cultivation at the Univ. of Calif. Bot. Gdn. (Berkeley). The apical meristem was apparently damaged by the larva which emerged(?) through the hole  seen in the center of the plant. The plant was found in flower and fruit but the meristem died before the plant was established in cultivation; subsequently most of the offsets seen at the base of the plant were formed.