Copiapoa - Living on the Edge
Copiapoa Field Numbers: KK - Karel Knize
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To add a real challenge to Copiapoa identification, the Karel Knize nursery in Lima, Peru introduced a number of names without description.  These are invalid botanic names (nomen nudum) that during the 1970s and 80s have found their way into hobby collections and have become established names.

Some of the names are given for plants of consistent appearance from a particular population and can be related back to a recognised taxon. 

Some of the names are duplicate of validly described taxa, but do not match their description, although they are themselves consistent in appearance

Finally, there are some names for which the plants distributed are inconsistent with each other, indicating a mix up of material in collection, transportation or distribution.

These inconsistencies are also found for KK numbers that are applied to valid taxa, so that this material is often regarded with suspicion by the hobby and ignored by botanists. 
KK Nš SPECIES LOCALITY
1 coquimbana (Karw.)Br & R. Cerro Grande, La Serena, 400m
10 pseudocoquimbana var.  vulgata Ritt. Herradura, Coquimbo, 100m
14 pseudocoquimbana Ritt. Coquimbo, Trapiche, 600m
16 alticostata Ritt. Freirina, 400 -  500m
16a alticostata minima  
16b malletiana Nicolasa
21 cuprea Ritt. Agua Verde, 300m
22 deminuta Knize n.n. (coquimbana) (Karw.)Br.&R.) Juan Soldado, 500m
30 totoralensis Ritt. Totoral, 300m
34 desertorum (Ritt) Knize n.n.  Huasco, 100m
35 cupreata (Pos.) Backbg. Huasco Bajo, 100 -  300m
38 carrizalensis Ritt. Carrizal Bajo, 200 -  300m
41 desertorum (Ritt) Knize Huasco, 200m
43 imbricata Knize n.n. Mina Margarita, 700m
44 coquimbana var. microcarpa Knize Mina Islon, 450m
46 coquimbana var. microsperma Knize Islon, 550m
57 imbricata Knize n.n. (var. rubriflora Knize n.n.) El Molle, Rio Elqui, 500m
58 wagenknechtii (Ritt.) Backbg. El Molle, Rio Elqui, 400m
69 haseltoniana Backbg. Paposo, 100m
70 lembckei Backbg. Caldera, 100 -  200m
71 barquitensis Ritt. Barquito, 200m
72 streptocaulon Ritt. Antofagasta, Cerro Moreno, 100m
77 cinerea (Phil.) Br.&R. Taltal, 300 -  500m
80 gigantea Backbg. Paposo -  Taltal, 100 -  300m
86 pseudocoquimbana Ritt. Coquimbo, Trapiche, 400m
87 wagenknechtii (Ritt.) Backbg. El Molle, Rio Elqui, 600m
88 hypogaea Ritt. Chanaral, 300m
89 rubriflora Ritt. Taltal, Esmeralda, 300m
90 mariginata (SD) Br.&R. El Cobre, 300m
91 vallenarensis Knize n.n. Vallenar, 300m
92 cinerea (Phil) Br.&.R. Taltal, 100 -  300m
93 aureispina Knize n.n. Vallenar, (20 km from St. Felix), 700 - 800 m
94 echinoides (Len.)Br.&:R. Antofagasta, 600m
102 imbricata Knize n.n. El Molle, Rio Elqui, 600m
103 wagenknechtii (Ritt.) Backbg. El Molle, Rio Elqui, 800m
109 megarhiza Br.&.R. Copiapo, 600m
112 chaņaralensis Ritt. Chaņaral, 200m
118 humilis (Phil.) Hutch. Paposo, 500m
172 fiedleriana (K.Sch.) Backbg. Nicolasa, 500m
173 marginata var. magnifica Knize n.n. El Cobre, 300 - 600 m
174 ferox Lembcke & Backb. Caldera, 100m
176 cinerascens (SD) Br.& R. Caldera, 100 -  200m
183 coquimbana var. longispina Knize n.n La Serena, 300m
185 krainziana Ritt. Taltal, 400m
188 cuprea Ritt. Nicolasa, 500m
194 longistaminea Ritt. Cifuncho - Esmeralda, 100 - 200 m
195 rupestris Ritt. Cifuncho, 100 - 200 m
196 grandiflora Ritt. Carrizal Alto, 500m
198 dura Ritt. Castilla, 400m
199 echinata Ritt. Copiapo, 500m
601 minuta Knize n.n. Carrizal Mina, 300m
602 chaņaralensis Ritt. Chaņaral, 200m
603 goldii Knize n.n. Chaņaral -  Esmeralda 200m
607 dura Ritt. Totoral, 200 -  300m
608 cinerea var. dealbata (Ritt.) Backbg. Carrizal Bajo, 100m
609 cinerea var. dealbata fa. longispina Knize n.n. Carrizal Alto, 500m
610 cinerea var. albispina Ritt. Taltal, 100 -  300m
611 cinerea var. columna alba Ritt. Cifuncho, 100m
611a albata Knize n.n. Cifuncho,  300m,  Cifuncho
612 rupestris Ritt. Cifuncho - Taltal Kueste, 150m
613 serpenticulcata Ritt. Taltal -  Paposo, 300m
614 gigantea Backbg. Paposo, 500m
618 pepiniana (K.Sch.) Backbg. Vallenar, Maitencillo, 400m
619 fiedleriana (K.Sch.) Backbg. Nicolasa, 500m
620 ferox Lembcke & Backbg. Blanco Escalada, 200 -  300m
623 serpentisulcata Ritt. Chaņaral -  Esmeralda 200m
624 cinerea (Phil) Br.&.R. Chaņaral -  Esmeralda, 200m
643 echinus Phil. Huasco, 200m
647 mollicula Ritt.  Chaņaral,  300 -  200m,  Chaņaral
654 aureispina Knize n.n. Atacama, Margarita, 800m
655 tocopillana Knize n.n. Tocopilla, 300 -  400m
657 mollicula Ritt. Chaņaral, 200m
658 rubriflora Ritt. Chaņaral -  Esmeralda, 300m
708 calderana Ritt. Caldera, Cerro Copiapo 300m
708a calderana Ritt. Castilla
709 domeykoensis Knize n.n. Domeyko, 400 -  500m
710 coquimbana var. procera Knize n.n. La Serena, 300m
725 applanata Backbg. Chaņaral, 200m
726 intermedia Ritt. Copiapo, 500m
781 rupestris Ritt. Cifuncho -  Tigrillos, 200m
782 pseudocoquimbana Ritt. Rio Choros, 600m
1067 grandiflora Ritt. Agua Verde, 300m
1068 longistaminea Ritt. Cifuncho, 300m
1132 minima Knize n.n. Carrizal Alto, 500m
1135 longispina Ritt. Copiapo, Hornillos, 500m
1138 minima Knize n.n. Totoral Bajo 100 -  200m
1139 minuta Knize n.n. Totoral Bajo 100 -  200m
1140 echinus Knize n.n. Copiapo, Monte Amargo, 300m
1162 pepiniana (K.Sch.) Backbg. Vallenar, Algarrobo, 400m
1239 luteispina Knize n.n. Blanco Encalada
1382 cupreata (Pos.) Backbg. Vallenar, 500m
1383 cinerea var. deminuta Knize n.n. Carrizal Bajo, 100m
1384 haseltoniana Backbg. Taltal -  Paposo, 300m
1385 tigrillensis Knize n.n. Chaņaral, Tigrillo, 100 -  200m
1386 tigrillensis Knize n.n. Chaņaral, Tigrillo, 200 -  300m
1387 coquimbana (Karw.) Br.& R. Islon, La Serena, 300 -  400m
1388 coquimbana (Karw.) Br.& R. Coquimbo, S.Pablo, 200m
1389 militaris Knize n.n. Chaņaralillo, 400m
1390 pseudocoquimbana var. vulgata Ritt.. Coquimbo, Totoralillo, 100m
1391 multicolor Hort. / pendulina Knize n.n. Copiapo, 500m
1392 tocopillana Knize n.n. Tocopilla, 400 -  600m
1393 lembckei var. magnifica Knize Caldera, 200m
1394 pendulina Ritt. / multicolor Knize n.n. Coquimbo, Fray Jorge, 200m
1395 borealis Ritt. / tennuispina Ritt. Antofagasta, 300 -  400m
1396 streptocaulon Br.& R. Antofagasta, Cerro Moreno, 300m
1398 uhligiana Knize n.n. Chaņaral, Esmeralda, 200m
1399 bridgesii (Pfeiff.) Backbg. Chaņaral, 100m
1434 cinerea (Phil) Br.&.R. Cifuncho -  Taltal, 100 -  300m
1435 coquimbana (Karw.) Br.& R. La Serena, Algarrobito, 400m
1436 desertorum Ritt. Huasco Alto, 400m
1437 echinata Ritt. Antofagasta, 300 -  400m
1438 cinerea var. dealbata Ritt. Carrizal Bajo, 200 -  300m
1535 desertorum Ritt.